Често сме сведоци на непотребни повторувања на исти податоци кои се споменуваат во табели и слики истовремено. Во дипломските, магистерските и докторските трудови речиси секој кандидат ја прави истата грешка. Ако отворите било кој учебник по Методологија на научно истражувачка работа ќе видите дека тоа не се препорачува. Затоа ќе ги замолам сите дипломци, магистранти и докторанди кога претставуваат одредени информации да ги претстават или само со табела или само со слика (графикон). Јас навистина не знам од каде ви е таа практика за двојно прикажување на резултатите од истражувањето. Во продолжение ќе можете да видите еден апстракт кој го споменува истото.
Effective Use of Tables and Figures in Abstracts,
Presentations, and Papers
Charles G Durbin Jr MD FAARC
Summary
In some situations, tables, graphs, and figures can present certain types of information (including
complicated relationships and sequences of events) more clearly and in less space than the same infor-
mation would require in sentence form. However, do not use tables, graphs, and figures for small
amounts of data that could be conveyed clearly and succinctly in a sentence. Also, do not reiterate in
sentences the data that are shown in a table, graph, or figure: the point of creating a table or graph or
figure is to eliminate that type of sentence from your manuscript. In building a data table you must
balance the necessity that the table becompletewith the equally important necessity that it not be too
complex. Sometimes it is helpful to break a large table into several smaller ones to allow the reader to
identify important information easily, but, conversely, it is a common mistake of novice authors to split
up into several tables data that belong in one table. In almost all cases, only one table or graph or figure
should be included in an abstract, and then only if it can convey essential information in less space and
in a more easily interpretable way than the sentence form. For a poster, in almost all instances you
should use only one typeface and one font in a table, graph, or figure. In general, do not use bold, italics,
or color unless you are presenting a great deal of data and you need to highlight certain data values and
you are certain that using bold, italics, or color will improve readability, which is rare. Do not include
identical information in a table and a graph/figure. In reporting a clinical trial you will need to include
a patient flow chart that identifies the number of patients initially screened for the study, the number
of patients who were excluded (and why) after initial screening or in the final analysis, and how many
patients entered, exited early, and completed each arm of the study. A treatment protocol should also
be described with a flow chart. In preparing a graph the most common error is to include a line that
suggests an unsubstantiated extrapolation between or beyond the data points. In selecting the graph’s
axes, avoid truncating, enlarging, or compressing the axes in ways that might make the graph confusing
or misleading. To prepare clear, accurate, easily interpretable tables, graphs, and figures, rely on the
rules described in authoritative guides such as the Council of Science Editors’Scientific Style and Format
and the American Medical Association’s Manual of Style.
Key words: research; respiratory care; publications; tables and charts; medical illustration; manuscripts, medical; exhibits; communication; conferencesand congresses.
[Respir Care 2004; 49(10): 1233–1237.
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